{"id":2473,"date":"2020-09-02T16:39:36","date_gmt":"2020-09-02T16:39:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/calcolo-del-coefficiente-di-winkler\/"},"modified":"2020-10-15T07:28:03","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T07:28:03","slug":"calculul-coeficientului-winkler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/ro\/calculul-coeficientului-winkler\/","title":{"rendered":"Calculul coeficientului Winkler"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>\u00cen acest articol vom vedea care este baza de calcul a coeficientului Winkler, sau a constantei de fond, \u0219i care sunt cele mai utilizate metode pentru calcularea acestui parametru pentru fiecare tip de sol.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-note-teoretice\"><strong>Note teoretice<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cen studiul interac\u021biunii sol-funda\u021bie, \u0219i \u00een special \u00een modelarea solului pentru a calcula solicit\u0103rile din elementele funda\u021biei, problema este simplificat\u0103 \u00een studiul interac\u021biunii dintre doar dou\u0103 componente: Teren \u0219i structura funda\u021biei.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1976\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win1.png\" alt=\"Calcolo del coefficiente di Winkler\" width=\"466\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win1.png 1009w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win1-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win1-768x527.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 1. Diagrama grinzii pe teren elasctic conform Winkler<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Prin analizarea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rilor, se calculeaz\u0103 sarcinile transmise de la structur\u0103 la funda\u021bie, pentru care sunt cunoscute sarcinile care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 asupra funda\u021biei, \u00een timp ce solul este v\u0103zut ca un reazem (\u00eencastrat) care d\u0103 na\u0219tere unei reac\u021bii distribuite q(x, y) care depinde de:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Rigiditatea funda\u021biei;<\/li>\r\n<li>Distribu\u021bia sarcinii.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Aceast\u0103 reac\u021bie q(x, y) a solului este necunoscuta problemei, iar ipotezele care sunt f\u0103cute pentru a ajunge la solu\u021bie sunt:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>Nu exist\u0103 tensiune tangen\u021bial\u0103 la contactul sol-funda\u021bie;<\/li>\r\n<li>Terenul considerat ca un reazem bilateral;<\/li>\r\n<li>Alegerea modelului de comportament al solului ( \u00een cazul de fa\u021b\u0103 vom trata Ipoteza solului a la Winkler).<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1980\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win2-1024x595.png\" alt=\"Calcolo del coefficiente di Winkler\" width=\"557\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win2-1024x595.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win2-300x174.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win2-768x447.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win2.png 1388w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 2. Studiul problemei \u00een plan longitudinal<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">N.B.: Dac\u0103 prin structura funda\u021biei \u00een\u021belegem o grind\u0103 de funda\u021bie, iar \u00een cazul \u00een care dimensiunea B a bazei funda\u021biei este neglijabil\u0103 \u00een raport cu lungimea L, problema poate fi studiat\u0103 \u00een plan longitudinal;\u00a0astfel, studiul poate fi simplificat prin luarea \u00een considerare a reac\u021biei solului ca func\u021bie a lui x, adic\u0103 q(x), \u0219i lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare valoarea constant\u0103 de-a lungul lui \u00a0y.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-modelul-solului-a-la-winkler\">Modelul solului a la Winkler<\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Conform metodei Winkler (1867) solul este schematizat cu un pat de resorturi capabile s\u0103 reac\u021bioneze numai la for\u021bele directe de-a lungul axei lor \u0219i pentru care se presupune un comportament elastic liniar.<br \/>Resorturile sunt considerate independente unul de cel\u0103lalt \u0219i acest lucru implic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 prin aplicarea unei for\u021be \u00eentr-un punct al solului, numai punctul \u00eenc\u0103rcat va fi supus tas\u0103rii, \u00een timp ce \u00een realitate solul prezint\u0103 un fel de continuitate pentru care, tasarea nu se produce doar \u00een zona \u00eenc\u0103rcat\u0103, ci \u0219i \u00een afara ariei direct \u00eenc\u0103rcate.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1984\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win3-1024x403.png\" alt=\"Calcolo del coefficiente di Winkler\" width=\"541\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win3-1024x403.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win3-300x118.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win3-768x302.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/Win3.png 1076w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 3. \u2013 Compara\u021bia terenului deformat a la Winkler &#8211; teren real<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Resorturile se caracterizeaz\u0103 printr-o rigiditate k, numit\u0103 \u0219i constant\u0103 de substrat, coeficient de reac\u021bie a solului sau coeficient Winkler.<br \/>Aceast\u0103 constant\u0103 nu este \u00een nici un caz o proprietate intrinsec\u0103 a solului, ci depinde de forma \u0219i dimensiunea funda\u021biei, de distribu\u021bia sarcinilor ac\u021bionante, de stratigrafie \u0219i de compozi\u021bia fizic\u0103 a solului.<br \/>Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere ipoteza unui comportament liniar al resorturilor, fiecare punct reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu o for\u021b\u0103 propor\u021bional\u0103 cu tasarea:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">q(x) = k \u00b7 w(x) quindi: k = q(x)\/w(x)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>unde: q(x) = reac\u021bia solului;<br \/>w(w) = tasarea sub funda\u021bie:<br \/>k = coeficientul de reac\u021bie al terenului.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Trebuie remarcat faptul c\u0103 modelul de sol Winkler trebuie utilizat numai pentru calcularea eforturilor, dar nu \u0219i pentru calculul tas\u0103rilor structurii, de fapt ipoteza comportamentului elastic liniar ar putea fi rezonabil\u0103 doar pentru tensiuni de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103, \u00een timp ce pentru solicit\u0103ri de lung\u0103 durat\u0103, comportamentul v\u00e2scos al solului nu poate fi ignorat.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-calculul-coeficientului-vertical-winkler-kw\">Calculul coeficientului vertical Winkler kw<\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Coeficientul Winkler, a\u0219a cum tocmai am v\u0103zut, este prin defini\u021bie rela\u021bia dintre sarcin\u0103 \u0219i tasare, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t abordarea cea mai ra\u021bional\u0103 pentru estimarea constantei subsolului const\u0103 \u00een calcularea tas\u0103rii w a funda\u021biei \u00een faza de proiectare, utiliz\u00e2nd metoda cea mai adecvat\u0103 \u0219i apoi evaluarea k<sub>w<\/sub> ca raportul dintre sarcina unitar\u0103 medie \u0219i tasarea calculat\u0103.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00cen acest fel se ob\u021bine o valoare de k<sub>w<\/sub>, care ia \u00een considerare to\u021bi factorii semnificativi care, dup\u0103 cum s-a men\u021bionat, sunt:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>forma \u0219i dimensiunea funda\u021biei;<\/li>\r\n<li>distribu\u021bia sarcinii;<\/li>\r\n<li>stratigrafia \u0219i compozi\u021bia solului de funda\u021bie.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Alternativ, valoarea k<sub>w<\/sub> poate fi determinat\u0103 prin referire la testele de \u00eenc\u0103rcare a pl\u0103cii, pentru care se ia \u00een considerare o plac\u0103 de baz\u0103 p\u0103trat\u0103 sau circular\u0103 cu raza sau diametrul b de 30 cm, iar valorii astfel calculate i se atribuie denumirea k<sub>1<\/sub>, pentru care, dup\u0103 ce s-a stabilit \u00een prealabil forma \u0219i dimensiunea \u201efunda\u021biei\u201d, se poate vorbi despre o valoare care depinde doar de caracteristicile solului de funda\u021bie \u0219i pentru care se poate vorbi de valori tipice cu referire la tipurile de sol:<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 26.0463%;text-align: center\" rowspan=\"2\">\r\n<h4><strong>Tip nisip<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 77.2976%;text-align: center\" colspan=\"3\">\r\n<h4><strong>Starea de \u00eendesare<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 34px\">\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 26.7531%;text-align: center\">\r\n<h4>Af\u00e2nat<\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 23.5095%;text-align: center\">\r\n<h4>Mediu<\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 27.035%;text-align: center\">\r\n<h4>Dens<\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 34px\">\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 26.0463%;text-align: center\">C\u00e2mp<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 26.7531%;text-align: center\">7 \u00f7 20<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 23.5095%;text-align: center\">20 \u00f7 100<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 27.035%;text-align: center\">100 \u00f7 350<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 34px\">\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 26.0463%;text-align: center\">Nesaturat\/ Valoare recomandat\u0103<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 26.7531%;text-align: center\">15<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 34px;width: 23.5095%;text-align: center\">50<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 27.035%;text-align: center\">175<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 39px\">\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 39px;width: 26.0463%;text-align: center\">Saturat\/ Valoare recomandat\u0103<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 39px;width: 26.7531%;text-align: center\">10<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 39px;width: 23.5095%;text-align: center\">30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;height: 39px;width: 27.035%;text-align: center\">110<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><em>Tab.1 &#8211; Valori tipice ale k<sub>1<\/sub> [N\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>] pentru terenuri necoezive, relativ la o plac\u0103 de diametru b = 30cm<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h4><strong>Consisten\u021ba<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h4><strong>Compactitatea<\/strong><strong>(C<sub>u <\/sub>= 50\u00f7100 kPa)<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h4><strong>Foarte compact<\/strong><strong>(C<sub>u <\/sub>= 100\u00f7200 kPa)<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h4><strong>Tare<\/strong><strong>(C<sub>u <\/sub>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>&gt; 2<\/strong><strong>00 kPa)<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">C\u00e2mp<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">18\u00f735<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">35\u00f770<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">&gt;70<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">Valoare recomandat\u0103<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">25<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">50<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">100<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><em>Tab.2 &#8211; Valori tipice ale k<sub>1<\/sub> [N\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>] pentru terenuri coezive, relativ la o plac\u0103 de diametru b = 30cm<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Valoarea calculat\u0103 din \u00eencercarea pl\u0103cii este realist\u0103, dar este relativ\u0103 la placa utilizat\u0103 \u00een test; prin urmare, pentru a o aplica funda\u021biei, aceasta trebuie convertit\u0103 corespunz\u0103tor utiliz\u00e2nd formule care s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 seama de dimensiunea real\u0103 a funda\u021biei.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Pentru soluri necoezive se folose\u0219te:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>k<sub>w<\/sub> = k<sub>1<\/sub> [ (B + b) \/ 2b ] ^2<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Pentru soluri coezive:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>k<sub>w<\/sub> = k<sub>1<\/sub> (b \/ 1.5B )<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Cele de mai sus se refer\u0103 la calculul constantei de substrat utilizate \u00een proiectarea funda\u021biilor de mic\u0103 ad\u00e2ncime<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Descoperi\u021bi <a href=\"https:\/\/geoapp.geostru.eu\/app\/costante-di-winkler\/\">Constanta by Winkler<\/a>, noua aplica\u021bie profesional\u0103 a portalului <a href=\"https:\/\/geoapp.geostru.eu\/?lang=ro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Geoapp<\/a>, pentru calculul automat al valorilor k<sub>w<\/sub> \u0219i k<sub>h<\/sub> \u00een toate tipurile de teren.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-aplicabilitatea-modelului-winkler-pentru-funda-ii-de-mic-ad-ncime\">Aplicabilitatea modelului Winkler pentru funda\u021bii de mic\u0103 ad\u00e2ncime<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Modelul Winkler poate fi utilizat cu siguran\u021b\u0103 \u00een urm\u0103toarele condi\u021bii:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-condi-ia-1\">Condi\u021bia 1:<\/h5>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">C\u00e2nd o grind\u0103 se sprijin\u0103 pe un strat cu caracteristici constante p\u00e2n\u0103 la o anumit\u0103 ad\u00e2ncime H, dincolo de care exist\u0103 un strat mult mai pu\u021bin deformabil.<br \/>Modelul este cu at\u00e2t mai potrivit pentru aceast\u0103 condi\u021bie, cu c\u00e2t H este mai mic, \u00een special atunci c\u00e2nd rezult\u0103 c\u0103: H &lt; 2B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/cond1-1024x495.png\" alt=\"Calcolo del coefficiente di Winkler\" width=\"621\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/cond1-1024x495.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/cond1-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/cond1-768x371.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/cond1.png 1096w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 4. Condi\u021bie favorabil\u0103 pentru utilizarea modelului Winkler<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-condi-ia-2\">Condi\u021bia 2:<\/h5>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">O alt\u0103 situa\u021bie \u00een care metoda lui Winkler func\u021bioneaz\u0103 bine este \u00een cazul unui sol a c\u0103rui deformabilitate scade odat\u0103 cu ad\u00e2ncimea, condi\u021bie care se g\u0103se\u0219te de fapt atunci c\u00e2nd este vorba de soluri coezive N.C. sau cu nisipuri.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ori de c\u00e2te ori, deform\u0103rile solului sub ac\u021biunea sarcinilor sunt concentrate \u00een zonele de suprafa\u021b\u0103, modelul Winkler poate fi folosit \u0219i considerat valid.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-limitele-modelului\">Limitele modelului<\/h5>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Modelul lui Winkler are, de asemenea, limite, precum cel descris deja mai sus, care deriv\u0103 din \u00eens\u0103\u0219i ipoteza consider\u0103rii solului ca un pat de resorturi independente, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t deformarea suprafe\u021bei de contact prezint\u0103 o discontinuitate \u00een intersec\u021bia dintre funda\u021bie \u0219i planul de baz\u0103 \u0219i, prin urmare, modelul nu permite analizarea interferen\u021bei reciproce a dou\u0103 funda\u021bii independente vecine.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2478 \" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/09\/deformata_piano_di_posa-300x83.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"749\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/09\/deformata_piano_di_posa-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/09\/deformata_piano_di_posa.png 742w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 5. Deformarea suprafe\u021bei radierului conform Winkler<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">O alt\u0103 limitare a metodei este c\u0103 nu este posibil s\u0103 se ia \u00een considerare situa\u021biile \u00een care exist\u0103 o sarcin\u0103 uniform distribuit\u0103;\u00a0\u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, de fapt, solu\u021bia problemei, conduce la o distribu\u021bie a reac\u021biei solului egal\u0103 \u0219i opus\u0103 sarcinii, \u0219i, prin urmare, cu caracteristici ale solicit\u0103rilor identice, nule, \u00een fiecare sec\u021biune a grinzii.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-calculul-coeficientului-orizontal-winkler-kh-pilo-ii-supu-i-sarcinilor-orizontale\">Calculul coeficientului orizontal Winkler kh: Pilo\u021bii supu\u0219i sarcinilor orizontale<\/h3>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Studiul comportamentului \u00een func\u021bionare a unui pilot \u00a0izolat, \u00eenc\u0103rcat \u00een partea de sus de o for\u021b\u0103 orizontal\u0103 H, este, \u00een general, realizat prin schematizarea solului ca un mijloc pentru Winkler.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/paloH2.png\" alt=\"Calcolo del coefficiente di Winkler\" width=\"483\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/paloH2.png 837w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/paloH2-248x300.png 248w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/08\/paloH2-768x928.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 6. Pilo\u021bi \u00eenc\u0103rca\u021bi orizontal \u00eentr-un teren tip Winkler<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cen acest scenariu, deplasarea unui punct generic al pilotului, la ad\u00e2ncimea generic\u0103 z, este indicat\u0103 de v(z), \u00een loc de teren este considerat un pat de resorturi de rigiditate k<sub>h<\/sub>, unde k<sub>h<\/sub> se nume\u0219te coeficientul de reac\u021bie orizontal\u0103 a solului.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Reac\u021bia solului corespunz\u0103toare P, la deplasarea v(z), se calculeaz\u0103 dup\u0103 cum urmeaz\u0103:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">P = p \u00b7 B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Unde: p = k<sub>h<\/sub> \u00b7 v(z)<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-soluri-argiloase-normal-consolidate-i-soluri-inconsistente\">Soluri argiloase normal consolidate \u0219i soluri inconsistente<\/h4>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Pentru calcularea coeficientului Winkler k<sub>h<\/sub>, se face trimitere la expresia lui Matlock \u0219i Reese (1956), care, \u00een cazul solurilor argiloase normal consolidate \u0219i pentru soluri inconsistente, presupune \u00a0k<sub>h<\/sub> o variabil\u0103 liniar\u0103 cu ad\u00e2ncimea \u0219i pentru care se ia \u00een considerare o astfel de lege:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>h<\/sub> = n<sub>h<\/sub> \u00b7 z\/B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00een care, pentru soluri inconsistente, valoarea lui n<sub>h<\/sub> depinde de starea de \u00eendesare \u0219i de prezen\u021ba sau absen\u021ba p\u00e2nzei freatice \u0219i poate fi ob\u021binut\u0103 din urm\u0103toarea expresie:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">n<sub>h<\/sub> = A \u00b7 \u03b3\/1.35<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Valorile orientative ale n<sub>h<\/sub> \u0219i A pentru soluri inconsistente sunt prezentate \u00een tabelul urm\u0103tor:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"198\">\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gradul de \u00eendesare<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"113\">\r\n<h3><strong>Af\u00e2nat<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h3><strong>Mediu<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h3><strong>Dens<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"198\"><br \/>Gama de valori a lui A<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"113\">100 \u00f7 300<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">300 \u00f7 1000<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">1000 \u00f7 3000<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"198\">Valoare recomandat\u0103 a lui A<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"113\">200<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">600<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">1500<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"198\">N<sub>h<\/sub> [N\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>], nisip uscat<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"113\">2,5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">7,5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">20<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"198\">N<sub>h<\/sub> [N\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>], nisip umed sau saturat<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"113\">1,5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">12<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><em>Tabel 3. Valorilor parametrilor A \u0219i n<sub>h<\/sub><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<h4>Soluri coezive supra-consolidate<\/h4>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cen cazul solurilor coezive supraconsolidate, se ia \u00een considerare un model de k<sub>h<\/sub> uniform cu ad\u00e2ncimea \u0219i pentru care se ia \u00een considerare o astfel de lege:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>h<\/sub> = 0.12 \u00b7 K*\/B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Valorile orientative ale lui K * sunt prezentate \u00een urm\u0103torul tabel:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h3><strong>Consisten\u021ba<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">\r\n<h3><strong>\u00cendesate<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"151\">\r\n<h3><strong>Foarte \u00eendesate<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"161\">\r\n<h3><strong>Extrem de \u00eendesate<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">Valori ale K* [dN\/cmq]<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"156\">1-2<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"151\">2-4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"161\">&gt;4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><em>Tabel 4. Valori parametru K*<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">De asemenea, pe solurile coezive \u201eBroms\u201d (1964) a sugerat corelarea valorii k<sub>h<\/sub> cu modulul secant E<sub>50<\/sub> determinat printr-o \u00eencercare triaxial\u0103, prin intermediul expresiei:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>h<\/sub> = 1,67 \u00b7 E<sub>50<\/sub>\/B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Dar, coeziunea nedrenat\u0103 c<sub>u<\/sub> poate fi, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, legat\u0103 de E<sub>50<\/sub>, iar pentru argile supraconsolidate pot fi scrise:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">E<sub>50<\/sub> = (100\u00f7500) \u00b7 c<sub>u<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Deci:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">kh = (170\u00f7800) \u00b7 c<sub>u<\/sub>\/B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Mai prudent, Davisson (1970) a sugerat c\u0103:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>h<\/sub> = 67 \u00b7 c<sub>u<\/sub>\/B<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-grup-de-pilo-i\">Grup de pilo\u021bi<\/h4>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cen modelul Winkler este dificil s\u0103 se ia \u00een considerare \u00een mod explicit efectul grupurilor de pilo\u021bi, mai precis interac\u021biunea lor reciproc\u0103, dar \u00een cazul grupurilor de pilo\u021bi sub sarcini orizontale, Poulos \u0219i Davis (1980) ofer\u0103 indica\u021bii care iau \u00een considerare reducerea K<sub>h<\/sub>.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">\r\n<h3><strong>Num\u0103rul de pilo\u021bi<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">\r\n<h3><strong>Multiplicator<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">2<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">0,50<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">3\u00f74<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">0,33<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">&gt;5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"text-align: center\" width=\"312\">0,25<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><em>Tabel 5. Valoarea multiplicatorului m pentru num\u0103rul de pilo<\/em><em>\u021bilor<\/em><em>i din grup<\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare multiplicatorul <em>m, <\/em>coeficientul Winkler pentru un grup de pilo\u021bi, k<sub>h<\/sub>,g, se calculeaz\u0103 ca:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>h,g<\/sub> = m \u00b7 k<sub>h<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Datorit\u0103 <a href=\"https:\/\/geoapp.geostru.eu\/app\/costante-di-winkler\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Constantei lui Winkler<\/strong><\/a>, noua aplica\u021bie disponibil\u0103 pe portalul <a href=\"https:\/\/geoapp.geostru.eu\/?lang=ro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Geoapp<\/strong><\/a>, pute\u021bi calcula valorile k<sub>w<\/sub> \u0219i k<sub>h<\/sub> \u00a0pornind de la datele ob\u021binute din testele geotehnice conven\u021bionale.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-calculul-coeficientului-orizontal-winkler-kw-pilo-i-supu-i-sarcinilor-verticale\"><strong>Calculul coeficientului orizontal Winkler k<sub>w<\/sub>: Pilo\u021bi supu\u0219i sarcinilor verticale<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Pentru calcularea coeficientului Winkler k<sub>w<\/sub> pentru pilo\u021bi, se poate face referire la metoda lui Randolf \u0219i Wroth (1978), care consider\u0103 pilotul scufundat \u00eentr-un mediu elastic, \u0219i examineaz\u0103 separat interac\u021biunea cu acel mediu al suprafe\u021bei laterale \u0219i baza pilotului, apoi cele dou\u0103 solu\u021bii sunt suprapuse.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2484 \" src=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/09\/modello_tecnico-248x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"388\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/09\/modello_tecnico-248x300.png 248w, https:\/\/blog.geostru.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2020\/09\/modello_tecnico.png 425w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Figura 7. Schi\u021ba modelului teoretic utilizat de Randolph \u0219i Wroth (1978)<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Metoda lui Randolph \u0219i Wroth este una dintre metodele aproximative pentru calcularea tas\u0103rilor pilo\u021bilor izola\u021bi, dar con\u021bine observa\u021bii interesante cu privire la calculul coeficientului de reac\u021bie vertical\u0103 a solului \u00een cazul pilo\u021bilor izola\u021bi.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-calcularea-nc-rc-rilor-i-tas-rilor\">Calcularea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rilor \u0219i tas\u0103rilor<\/h4>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Conform acestei metode, sarcina pe suprafa\u021ba lateral\u0103 a pilotului este dat\u0103 de:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">S = 2 \u00b7 \u03c0 \u00b7 r<sub>0<\/sub> \u00b7 L \u00b7 \u03c4<sub>0<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Unde r<sub>0<\/sub> = D \/ 2 reprezint\u0103 raza pilotului, L lungimea acesteia \u0219i \u03c4<sub>0<\/sub> valoarea for\u021bei de forfecare la interfa\u021ba dintre pilot \u0219i sol.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cen schimb, tasarea este dat\u0103 de:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">w<sub>s<\/sub> = \u03b6 \u00b7 \u03c4<sub>0<\/sub>\u00b7 r<sub>0<\/sub>\/G<sub>m<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Unde \u03b6 este un coeficient care ia \u00een considerare amplitudinea r<sub>m<\/sub> a c\u00e2mpului de deformare care se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een jurul pilotului cu raza r<sub>0<\/sub>:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u03b6 = ln(r<sub>m<\/sub> \/ r<sub>0<\/sub>)<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>r<sub>m<\/sub> = {0,25 + [2,5 \u2219 \u03c1 \u2219 (1 &#8211; \u03bd) &#8211; 0,25] \u2219 \u03be} \u2219 L<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u03be = G<sub>L<\/sub>\u00a0\/ G<sub>b <\/sub>este raportul dintre modulele de t\u0103iere la ad\u00e2ncimea z = L, pentru pilo\u021bii care se sprijin\u0103 pe un strat cu rigiditate ridicat\u0103;<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u03c1 = G<sub>m<\/sub>\u00a0\/ G<sub>L<\/sub> este factorul de neomogenitate al solului lateral, pentru pilo\u021bii scufunda\u021bi \u00eentr-un sol cu \u200b\u200brigiditate variabil\u0103;<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>G<sub>m<\/sub> reprezint\u0103 valoarea medie a modulului de elasticitate transversal\u0103 dintre suprafa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i ad\u00e2ncime L, iar G<sub>L<\/sub> valoarea medie a modulului de elasticitate transversal la ad\u00e2ncimea L.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Tasarea la baza pilotului este exprimat\u0103 prin:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">w<sub>b<\/sub> = P \u00b7 (1 \u2013 \u03bd) \/ 4 \u00b7 r<sub>b<\/sub> \u00b7 G<sub>b<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">unde P este sarcina care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 la baz\u0103, r<sub>b<\/sub> raza la baz\u0103 \u0219i G<sub>b<\/sub> modulul de elasticitate transversal al materialului de sub baza pilotului.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-rigiditatea-reazemelor\">Rigiditatea reazemelor<\/h4>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Raportul dintre sarcina S \u0219i tasarea w<sub>s<\/sub> reprezint\u0103 rigiditatea reazemului k<sub>s<\/sub>:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>s<\/sub> = 2 \u00b7 \u03c0 \u00b7 L \u00b7 G<sub>m<\/sub> \/ \u03b6<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00cen mod similar, din raportul dintre sarcina P \u0219i tasarea w<sub>b<\/sub>, se ob\u021bine rigiditatea k<sub>b<\/sub>:<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">k<sub>b<\/sub> = 4 \u00b7 r<sub>b<\/sub> \u00b7 G<sub>b<\/sub> \/ (1 \u2013 \u03bd)<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Rigiditatea total\u0103 va fi: k<sub>w<\/sub> = k<sub>s<\/sub> + k<sub>b<\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Printre aplica\u021biile disponibile pe portalul <a href=\"https:\/\/geoapp.geostru.eu\/?lang=ro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Geoapp<\/strong><\/a>, cea mai mare suit\u0103 web pentru prelucrarea tehnic\u0103 online, este acum disponibil <a href=\"https:\/\/geoapp.geostru.eu\/app\/costante-di-winkler\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Constanta lui Winkler<\/strong><\/a> o aplica\u021bie profesional\u0103 pentru calcularea automat\u0103 a constantelor k<sub>w<\/sub> \u0219i k<sub>h<\/sub> pentru funda\u021bii superficiale \u0219i ad\u00e2nci.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cen acest articol vom vedea care este baza de calcul a coeficientului Winkler, sau a constantei de fond, \u0219i care sunt cele mai utilizate metode pentru calcularea acestui parametru pentru fiecare tip de sol. Note teoretice \u00cen studiul interac\u021biunii sol-funda\u021bie, \u0219i \u00een special \u00een modelarea solului pentru a calcula solicit\u0103rile din elementele funda\u021biei, problema este&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17378,"featured_media":2023,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1595,1443,821],"tags":[1597,1623,1598,1622,1621],"class_list":["post-2473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geologie","category-articoli-geotecnica-ro","category-ingegneria-ro","tag-geologia-ro","tag-geologie","tag-geotecnica-ro","tag-geotehnica","tag-winkler-ro","category-1595","category-1443","category-821","description-off"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v25.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Calculul coeficientului Winkler - Geostru Blog - 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